Anna Fagre, Francisco Olea-Popelka, Sue VandeWoude, Mark Stetter, & William Kareshˆ. Colorado State University ˆEcoHealth Alliance

Transcription

1 Anna Fagre, Francisco Olea-Popelka, Sue VandeWoude, Mark Stetter, & William Kareshˆ Colorado State University ˆEcoHealth Alliance

2 Overview Importance of One Health (OH) in professional training programs Survey design & distribution Results Analysis of integration Future directions

3 Introduction Multifaceted problems require multifaceted solutions Value of collaboration Increasing rate of infectious disease 75% are zoonotic & many have wildlife reservoirs (Taylor et al. 2001) Prevent re-emergence and spillover events (Daszak et al. 2007)

4 Introduction One Health term coined in 2003 (Karesh, 2005) One Health Public Health, One Medicine, Zoonotic Diseases, Comparative Medicine, Food Safety, Conservation Medicine Ecosystem Health (Zinsstag et al. 2011) Scarce in professional training programs (Steele 2008; King et al. 2008)

5 Introduction One Health = single most important new opportunity for the veterinary profession One Health knowledge as a NAVMEC core competency for young veterinarians (Wong & Kogan 2013)

6 Challenges facing OH sustainability Lack of funding Faculty & student time constraints Inertia and/or confusion relating to diverse usage of the term One Health Lack of inter-institutional collaborations

7 Objective Assess integration of One Health programs in veterinary schools in Canada, the Caribbean, & the US Characterize examples of current undertakings

8 Survey Design Two surveys ( One administered to students One administered to administration Veterinary schools in Canada, the Caribbean, & the US N = 36

9 Administrative survey 1. Which veterinary school are you affiliated with? 2. Does your veterinary school have a One Health institute or initiative? 1. If so, what is it called? 2. Please provide primary contact information or web URL for institute/initiative 3. Is One Health incorporated into the veterinary school curriculum? 1. If so, please briefly elaborate.

10 Student survey 1. Which veterinary school do you attend? 2. Does your veterinary school have a One Health student organization/association? 1. If so, what is the name of the organization? 2. Please provide primary contact information or web URL for organization.

11 Results Proportion of veterinary colleges in Canada, the Caribbean, and United States in which a One Health initiative is implemented at the administrative or student body level. School Location Administrative initiative Student-led initiative Either administrative or student-led Canada 4/5 (80%) 3/5 (60%) 4/5 (80%) Caribbean 2/3 (66.7%) 1/3(33.3%) 2/3 (66.7%) United States 19/28 (67.9%) 17/28 (60.7%) 23/28 (82.1%) Overall 25/36 (69.4%) 21/36 (58.3%) 29/36 (80.6%)

12 Presence of One Health at administrative level 31% 36% "One Health" in name of institution Self-described as One Health (varied verbage) No One Health Institute/Initiative 33%

13 Univ. Admin. : One Health in title of initiative Calvin Schwabe One Health Project Center for One Health Interprofessional Education (IPE) Program: One Health Module Global Health Institute s One Health Center One Health/Interprofessional Health Initiatives One Health Grand Challenge One Health/One Medicine One Health Initiative One Health Institute One Health Clinic (in conjunction with medical school) One Health Leadership Experience

14 Univ. Admin. : Efforts self-described as One Health with different names Ecosystem Health Initiative Institute of Public Health Studies Center for Public and Corporate Veterinary Medicine Department of Ecosystem and Public Health Microprogrammes en santé publique vétérinaire Centre for Public Health and Zoonoses International Health Initiative Global Animal Health Pathway

15 Exposure to One Health in veterinary coursework? 94% (34/36) of schools indicated OH exposure occurs in veterinary coursework Ranges from one lecture to campus-wide learning communities & awards 11.1% (4/36) of schools have official OH Certificate program

16 Levels of One Health integration in veterinary coursework Certificate program in Global Health (graduate AND undergraduate) Core curriculum courses Courses offered through Master in Public Health and Veterinary (MPH/DVM) programs Elective courses Elective international rotations Foundations courses Increased academic interactions with medicine, dentistry, nursing, & public health schools Integrated across the curriculum Integrated with Center for Public and Corporate Veterinary Medicine Interprofessional Education Program (mandatory universitywide 1 st year course with One Health module) Lectures (ranging in number from 1-6) or as a section of a course Undergraduate One Health learning community University-wide One Health award

17 Courses provided that discuss One Health themes and efforts Communications Economics and policy Ecosystem health Epidemiology Food safety Foreign animal disease Foundations Global health Health and society Human-animal relationships Infectious disease International veterinary medicine Law & veterinary medicine Population health Preventive veterinary medicine Principles of ethics Public health/veterinary public health Translational medicine Wildlife health/wildlife disease Zoonoses (including virology, microbiology, parasitology)

18 Presence of One Health student organizations/associations 42% 30% 28% "One Health" in name of organization/association Self-described as One Health (varied verbiage) No One Health organization/association Ecosystems Health Global health/solutions Public health Public policy Three schools have SCAVMA Committees on One Health

19 Discussion 100% response rate comprehensive view of One Health in Canada, the Caribbean, & US vet schools Very large degree of variability in names, verbiage, & levels of integration Quantification & characterization of efforts allows us to fill in knowledge gaps

20 Discussion One Health is growing, but definition is broad and often misunderstood (or used with various meanings) One Health public health (but encompasses it) Environmental consequences of human & animal health interventions rarely emphasized

21 One Health is not just a new name for comparative medicine or veterinarians contributing to human health. It is a call to work together - a call to action for us to ensure that animal production and animal disease control contributes to the health of the planet and a sustainable future.

22 Discussion How to incorporate into curriculum? International & transdisciplinary collaborations Communication (webinars, video seminars, etc.) Education (online student forums, student exchange programs) Online training courses (Barrett 2010) Trandisciplinary learning networks (Barrett 2010) Case studies Seminar speakers

23 Future directions Administering a similar survey in other professional health institutions or environmental science departments Administering a more detailed survey taking inventory of various OH activities conducted Compare and contrast OH literacy among disciplines

24 References 1. Taylor, L.H., S.M. Latham, and M.E. Woolhouse, Risk factors for human disease emergence. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, (1411): p Daszak, P., et al., Collaborative Research Approaches to the Role of Wildlife in Zoonotic Disease Emergence, in Wildlife and Emerging Zoonotic Diseases: The Biology, Circumstances and Consequences of Cross-Species Transmission, J. Childs, J. Mackenzie, and J. Richt, Editors. 2007, Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p Karesh, W.b. and R. A. Cook. The human-animal link: One World One Health. Foreign Affairs, Steele, J.H., Veterinary public health: past success, new opportunities. Prev Vet Med, (3-4): p King, L.J., et al., Executive summary of the AVMA One Health Initiative Task Force report. J Am Vet Med Assoc, (2): p Zinsstag, J., Schelling, E., Waltner-Toews, D., & Tanner, M., From one medicine to one health and systemic approaches to health and well-being. Prev Vet Med, (3-4): p Wong, D. and L.R. Kogan, Veterinary students' attitudes on One Health: implications for curriculum development at veterinary colleges. J Vet Med Educ, (1): p Rapport, D.J., Costanza, R., & McMichael, A.J., Assessing ecosystem health. TREE, (10): p Barrett, M.A., et al., Integrating a One Health approach in education to address global health and sustainability challenges. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, (4): p

25